Albuquerque and Schwarcz (2013) and Secci et al. (2017) showed that KA is an antagonist of α7nAChRs in the brain. The Ro 61-8048, a kynurenine 3-monooxygenase inhibitor increases brain KA concentrations and might have applications in the treatment of nicotine addiction (Figure 1B) (Röver et al., 1997; Justinova et al., 2013; Secci et al., 2017). Thus, we hypothesized inhibiting or more precisely modulating KMO gene expression by genomic and epigenetic approaches could be utilized to enhance the availability of KA. The gene discussed is CHRNA7; the disease is nicotine dependence.