For instance, gastric cancer induced by H. pylori is high in East Asian countries, and cagA in East Asian strains of H. pylori is more effective than cagA from Western strains in activating the SHP2/PTPN11 phosphatase (Hayashi et al. 2017), which triggers the proproliferative kinase ERK1. This evidence concerns the gene PTPN11 and gastric cancer.