Our previous study has suggested that STAT3 is also associated with chemoresistance against Gef, an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), in lung cancer cells.35 Strikingly, drug resistance can be partially abolished by the addition of CsA, an Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug to prevent immune rejection after organ transplantation,36 via STAT3 pathway inactivation. Here, STAT3 is linked to lung carcinoma.