Further study is needed to clarify these questions, which depends on the fully understanding of the cellular distribution pattern of DrDDX41–DrSTING signaling pathways, the metabolomics on pathogen infections, and even the correlation between DrDDX41 and other cytosolic dsDNA sensors connecting the STING (such as cGAS and IFI16) as a whole. This evidence concerns the gene IFI16 and infection.