CYP17A1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: To determine CYP17A1 gene expression in T2DM patients compared with healthy controls, we analyzed the high-throughput microarray gene expression database of GDS3782 data from the GEO DataSets and found that the CYP17A1 gene expression was significantly higher in pancreatic beta-cells in T2DM patients compared to healthy controls (Figure 2A).