Among others, the NLRP3 inflammasome can be activated by extracellular ATP released from dying cells, as well as in the presence of crystals, including uric acid crystals, cholesterol crystals and amyloid beta crystals underlying the development of gout, atherosclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease, respectively [74,75,76,77]. Here, NLRP3 is linked to Alzheimer disease.