Gating strategies for identifying the CD4+ IL9+ T-cell population are shown in Figure 1A. Generally, percentages of Th9 cells in different patient groups were significantly higher than that of healthy controls (HC), and there were significant differences between the CHC, CHC-LC, and CHC-HCC groups (Figure 1B). This evidence concerns the gene IL9 and laryngotracheoesophageal cleft.