These data corroborate previous experimental models of acute inflammatory or autoimmune diseases in which exogenous GAL-1 reduces the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12 and IFN-γ and increases IL-5 and IL-10, consequently regulating the activity of leukocytes6,7,9,13,27,45–48. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is autoimmune disease.