Moreover, a study using the pristane-induced lupus-like model showed IL-1β deficient mice had significantly reduced levels of anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA) antibodies (Abs), serum pro-inflammatory cytokines, and disease activity when compared to both IL-1α deficient and control mice (16). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and systemic lupus erythematosus.