To further confirm this finding, we introduced BRAF(ΔNVTAP/V471F)* into BRAF(V600E)-dependent melanoma cell lines by lentiviral transductions and found that its expression downregulated phospho-ERK1/2 and inhibited cell growth in vitro and xenograft tumor growth in vivo (Fig. 7d–h). This evidence concerns the gene MAPK3 and melanoma.