SYP and prostate cancer: To determine if TNFAIP8 regulates neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer cells by the activation autophagy, we transfected PC3 cells with varying concentrations of TNFAIP8 plasmid and evaluated the expression of neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) biomarkers, such as synaptophysin, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), chromogranin A, and NCAM-1/CD56 (Figure 6A).