We observed a statistically significant increase in the frequency of IFN-γ+/IL-10+ and IL-4+/IL-10+ cells in CLL patients compared to HVs (0.6%, range 0.4–0.9% and 0.6%, range 0.3–0.8% vs 0.25%, range 0.1–0.4% and 0.2%, range 0.0–0.4%, respectively), whereas the percentage of IL-17A+/IL-10+ cells remained unchanged (Fig. 2c). Here, IL17A is linked to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.