In fact, in addition to testosterone and INSL3, AMH has been proposed to be involved in testicular descent on the basis of observations made in patients with persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) due to mutations in the genes coding for either AMH or its specific receptor AMHR2, although an experimental proof-of-concept is still lacking (13). Here, INSL3 is linked to persistent Mullerian duct syndrome.