Compared to healthy controls, GFAP levels have been found to be higher in the CSF of AD, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and Creutzdfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) patients, whereas S100β was found to be elevated in CJD, but not in AD. The gene discussed is S100B; the disease is Alzheimer disease.