A recent review of analytical assays reported that a lack of pre-specified criteria could lead to poor intra- and inter-observer concordance in the assessment of PD-L1 expression on immune cells.43 In the present study, we found that CD68 could mark most PD-L1+ immune cells in HCC tumours, and that TSA-IHC for CD68 and PD-L1 double staining could clearly distinguish PD-L1 expression on TCs and immune cells. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and hepatocellular carcinoma.