TTR and acute coronary syndrome: Besides, there might be other factors identified by the AF guideline [1] resulting in heterogeneity in present meta-analysis, including clinical presentation (category of AF, acute coronary syndrome, stable coronary artery disease, multivessel disease, etc.), prior stroke, renal dysfunction, stent type, Procedural characteristics of coronary intervention, CHA2DS2-VASc scores, target INR, individual TTR, duration of TT.