In a recent study comparing soybean oil-based + MCT/LCT (75% soybean oil-based + 25% MCT/LCT) ILE, olive oil-based ILE, and olive oil + fish oil (85% olive oil-based ILE + 15% fish oil) ILE in patients with cancer who had undergone abdominal surgery, TNFα and IL-6 levels were similar between groups at baseline; however, the postoperative increases in TNFα and IL-6 were lower in the olive oil-based ILE group compared with the other groups (Figure 3) [34]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and cancer.