Current evidence-based consensus guidelines on molecular testing in lung cancer patients from the College of American Pathologists, International Association of Lung Cancer and the Association for Molecular Pathologists, recommend that all patients with advanced stage lung adenocarcinoma (or with an adenocarcinoma component), regardless of clinical features, should undergo biomarker testing for EGFR mutations and ALK and ROS1 rearrangements [25]. The gene discussed is ALK; the disease is lung carcinoma.