ADORA2B and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Augmented ADORA2B levels have been reported in patients with IPF and COPD (Zhou et al., 2010; Karmouty-Quintana et al., 2013b) that are consistent with increased Adora2b levels in experimental models of chronic lung injury that also present with PH (Sun et al., 2006; Pedroza et al., 2011; Karmouty-Quintana et al., 2012, 2013a).