In the context of chronic lung disease, increased expression of ADORA2B has been observed in patients with COPD and IPF (Zhou et al., 2010), although it is important to mention that protective effects of ADORA2B have been reported in acute lung injury settings (Karmouty-Quintana et al., 2013b). The gene discussed is ADORA2B; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.