IGFBP7 and acute kidney injury: IGFBP-7 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) were further validated in a large multicenter of ICU patients as a predictor of AKI defined by risk, injury, failure, loss, end-stage renal disease (RIFLE) criteria, suggesting that the urinary concentration of IGFBP7 multiplied by TIMP-2 is a novel prognostic urinary biomarker of AKI [23, 24].