PIK3CA and mantle cell lymphoma: Through gene expression profiling, several genes in mantle cell lymphoma cells have been identified that relate to the PI3K/Akt pathway; the following genes were found to be altered or upregulated: PIK3CA, PDK2, PDPK1, AKT1, RPS6KB2, FOXO3A, PPP2R2C, and PDK1 [43].