However, in other recent studies, opposing responses have been reported; for instance, iron deficient (iron restricted diet) monocrotaline treated rats were somewhat protected from pulmonary vascular remodeling and right ventricular failure; however, the low levels of hepcidin shown in these animals compared to controls (iron replete) is at variance with elevated hepcidin as observed in clinical PAH and also suggests that cellular iron retention is less likely in these circumstances (Naito et al., 2013). The gene discussed is HAMP; the disease is pulmonary arterial hypertension.