UBE2C and lung carcinoma: Since NCTD inhibits cell growth and metastatic colonization, enhances cell apoptosis and senescence, and arrests cell cycle in lung cancer cells via selective deactivation of dysregulated UBE2C signaling networks (Fig. 6a−k) and autophagy repression is pre-required while UBE2C is driving malignant progression of NSCLC (Fig. 5a−i), we subsequently investigate whether and how NCTD interferes with the deregulated UBE2C-autophagy repression axis in NSCLC cells.