TNF and mastitis: This study found that farrerol could improve pathological injury of mammary glands, attenuate the activity of MPO, inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, iNOS and COX-2) and the phosphorylation of AKT, NF-κB p65, p38 and ERK1/2 in LPS-induced mouse mastitis.