TGFB1 and bacterial urinary tract infection: In the quest to summarize the genetic host factors that predispose to RPS, a 2011 meta-analysis of cumulative studies showed only a modest association between RPS after UTI and the vasomotor genes involving the angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion or deletion polymorphisms and the inflammatory genes involving TGF-β1 c.−509 T>C polymorphisms [33].