SPP1 and ovarian carcinoma: Current markers used for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer include carbohydrate antigen125 (CA125), human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), human lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), soluble mesothelin-related proteins (SMRP), the human bradykinin-releasing enzyme family (Hk), and osteopontin (OPN) [14].