In adjusted models for the AAV cohort, increased risks of infection were observed in patients who were older at the time of diagnosis (HR = 1.003, 95% CI = 1.000–1.006), smoking (HR = 2.338, 95% CI = 1.236–4.424), with baseline Scr ≥5.74 mg/dl (HR = 2.153, 95% CI = 1.323–3.502), CD4+ T cell< 281 μl (HR = 1.813, 95% CI = 1.133–2.900), and users of intravenous cyclophosphamide regimen (HR = 1.951, 95% CI =1.520–2.740) (Table 3). The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is infection.