In a regression analysis, levels of factor VIII, D-dimers, VWF, free TFPI remained significantly higher in cancer patients compared to IPMN and to CP groups, after adjustment for age, sex, fibrinogen and interleukin-6 levels (Figure 1), suggesting that the elevation of these biomarkers in PDAC patients is independent of any systemic inflammation. This evidence concerns the gene VWF and pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm.