ESR1 and breast cancer: NDRG1 protein expression has been associated with high uptake of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose and estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancers in vivo [16], but rather than a role in glycolysis, physical interactors and physiological consequences of NDRG1 malfunction suggest a poorly defined role related to lipid biology in cancer [2, 6, 7, 17].