In addition to the canonical function of binding to their target messenger RNAs, tumor-secreted miR-21 and miR-29a may function through other mechanisms, for example, by binding as ligands to receptors of the TLR family, murine TLR7 and human TLR8 in immune cells and triggering a TLR-mediated prometastatic inflammatory response, to regulate macrophage polarization (65). Here, TLR8 is linked to neoplasm.