Cardiac-specific overexpression of FGF23 using adeno-associated virus carrying FGF23 (AAV-FGF23) in mice followed by MI or ischemia reperfusion significantly enhances the activation of cardiac β-catenin, TGF-β, collagen I and III, and cardiac fibrosis in mice injected with AAV-FGF23 compared to negative controls. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and myocardial infarction.