CCL27 and alkaline phosphatase measurement: Cytokine and chemokine array analysis using these AP patients revealed only 6 chemokines (CCL21, CCL27, CCL13, MIF, CCL15, CXCL16) of 40 cytokines/chemokines levels differed significantly among all comparisons between the three groups (MAP vs control, SAP vs control, and SAP vs MAP) (Fig. 1).