Hyperleptinemia ( i.e.where leptin is >5.6 ng/mL in males or >11.1 ng/mL in females) was observed in 66.96% of the participants and hypoadiponectinemia ( i.e.where adiponectin is <5 μg/mL) was observed in 44.35% of the participants. This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOQ and adiponectin deficiency.