Despite recent scientific achievements revealing that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of several specific genes, such as vitamin D receptor (VDR) and Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), may contribute to the increased susceptibility to OM (Jiang et al., 2016; Wang L. et al., 2017), the exact molecular pathophysiology of OM is still largely unknown. This evidence concerns the gene PTGS2 and ocular melanoma.