The results showed that AGER, CD14, IL8, MMP8, SAA, S100A9, and TAGLN2 were upregulated in the Si-NEC group (p < 0.05, Fig. 4), whereas P Selectin and ICAM1 showed only a tendency to be upregulated in this group (p = 0.05 and p = 0.06, respectively). The gene discussed is S100A9; the disease is necrotizing enterocolitis.