Genetic investigations have revealed that HCM is caused by mutations in at least ten genes, nine of them encoding for cardiac sarcomeric proteins such as TNNT2 (cardiac troponin T), MYH7 (cardiac beta-myosin heavy chain), and ACTC (cardiac alpha-actin) which can also cause DCM [6–9]. This evidence concerns the gene ACTC1 and familial dilated cardiomyopathy.