VWF and glioblastoma: Notably, VWF, hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), fibroblastic growth factor-2 (FGF-2), and angiopoietin receptor Tie-2 mRNA levels followed a similar trend, showing a significant up-regulation in GBM, compared to LGG, MNG, and HB.