This PI(4,5)P2-targeting toxin is likely involved in the development of (i) opportunistic infections, due to its capacity to inhibit phagocytosis20, (ii) HIV-1 associated neurological disorders due to Tat ability to impair neurotransmitter secretion21 and (iii) cardiac disorders linked to Tat inhibition of key cardiac ion channels22. Here, TAT is linked to nervous system disorder.