In this context, it has been recently reported in a mouse model of influenza virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae co-infection, that the IFN-inducible methyltransferase Setdb2 mediates virus-induced susceptibility to bacterial infection, perturbing neutrophil functions by repressing the expression of genes encoding neutrophil attractant mediators like CXCL1 and other genes that are targets of the transcription factor NF-kB. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL1 and bacterial infectious disease.