NLRP3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Recent studies have demonstrated that betaine treatment can significantly inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins, such as NLRP3 and mature caspase-1, and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, in a dose-independent manner in fructose-induced NAFLD models (82, 89, 90).