CHEK2 and lung carcinoma: Moreover, PALB2-rs249954 has been reported to be associated with breast cancer risk [36], CHEK2-rs2236142 is likely associated with a decreased risk of esophageal cancer and lymph node metastasis in a Chinese population [37], RAD51C-rs12946397 is known to be associated with the risk of head and neck cancer [38] and ATM-rs664143 has been reported to be associated with lung cancer [39].