BAX and lung carcinoma: Although CtBP overexpression has not been reported in lung cancers yet, previous studies by several groups (Madison and Lundblad, 2010; Paliwal et al., 2012; Wang et al., 2006) have established the lung cancer cell line H1299 as an in vitro model system for characterization of CtBP's function as a transcriptional corepressor of genes involved in cell cycle arrest (e.g., p21) and apoptosis (e.g., BAX).