TNF and Obesity: These include older age with higher levels of pro-inflammatory IL6, TNFα, CCL2, CCL11 and CX3CL1, but lower levels of anti-inflammatory IL4 and IL10; higher obesity (measured by body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio) with higher levels of IL6, TNFα, CXCL10, and IL1RA as a marker of the activity of pro-inflammatory IL1; alcohol intake with higher levels of TNFα and CXCL10; smoking with higher levels of CCL2 and CCL11; and higher physical activity with lower levels of IL6 and TNFα.