JAG1 and malignant colon neoplasm: Interestingly, apelin peptides did not increase the proliferation of the colon cancer cells, whereas it did stimulate the phosphorylation of Akt kinase (Picault et al., 2014), whereas in human colon cancer cell line LS180, administration of apelin-13 stimulated proliferation via the JAG-1/Notch3 signaling pathway (Chen et al., 2017a).