ADAR and Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome: Given the fact that ADAR1 primarily edits Alus embedded in mRNAs, Aicardi-Goutières syndrome may be the prime example of an autoinflammatory disorder (with deficiently edited Alus resulting in an aseptic neuroinflammatory response), in which A-to-I editing of retrotransposons has gone awry.