MAPK3 and neoplasm: Combining PF0029984 or trastuzumab with another targeted agent (inhibitor of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor, ERK1/2 or PI3K/mechanistic target of rapamycin) appropriate to the genotype of the cell line tested resulted in synergistic cytotoxic effects in most cases.42 In NCI-N87 xenograft tumors, combined treatment with trastuzumab and VEGF-Trap inhibited tumor growth more effectively than monotherapy with either agent.43 Results of a recent clinical trial also point to superiority of combination therapy.