CD4 and neoplasm: Cell phenotypes were defined as malignant cells expressing PD-L1 (AE1/AE3 + PD-L1+), T lymphocytes (CD3; pan T-cell marker including helper T cells CD3 + CD4+, cytotoxic T cells CD3 + CD8+, and other CD3+ T cells), helper T cells (CD3 + CD4+), cytotoxic T cells (CD3 + CD8+), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs; CD68+), and TAMs expressing PD-L1 (CD68 + PD-L1+).