CDKN1A and neoplasm: Both of these cytokines, among other SASP components, have been reported to be expressed at higher levels from tumor cells of patients who received chemotherapy (e.g., prostate cancer patients treated with mitoxantrone) in association with increased p16INK4a and p21Cip1/Waf1 levels, indicating that senescence and its secretory phase are clinically relevant responses to chemotherapy (18, 68).