Recently, emerging evidence illustrated that miR-21 was shuttled from cancer-associated adipocytes of fibroblasts to the various tumor cells, where it can inhibit ovarian cancer apoptosis and induce the Paclitaxel resistance through binding to its new direct target, apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (APAF1) (Yeung et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene APAF1 and ovarian cancer.