Indeed, Th17 cells are polarized on the one hand by IL-6, IL-23, and Il-1β with pro-inflammatory functions (impact on smoldering inflammation and recruitment of inflammatory immune population) and on the other hand by TGF-β, which induces anti-inflammatory functions (impact on tumor growth, immunosuppressive microenvironment, and angiogenesis) (46, 48). Here, TGFB1 is linked to neoplasm.